Wolffia cylindracea Hegelm.

• Genus: Wolffia
• Botanical Background: Named by Hegelm., Wolffia cylindracea has intrigued botanists for its extreme size reduction and unique adaptation as an aquatic flowering plant.

• Geographical Range: It is native to tropical and subtropical regions across Asia, Africa, and the Americas.
• Environment: This plant thrives in still or slow-moving freshwater environments with abundant sunlight, moderate to high humidity, and nutrient-rich water.

Leaves

• The plant’s body itself functions as a leaf

• Presents as a small, simple, cylindrical structure

• Minimal differentiation

Inflorescence (Spadix & Spathe)

• Due to its diminutive size, flowering is rare

• Flowers are inconspicuous and self-pollinating

Growth Habit

• Entirely aquatic and free-floating

• Lacks extensive root systems

• Reproduces rapidly via vegetative means

Light Requirements

• Prefers bright, indirect light

• Can also thrive in full sun if water temperatures remain moderate

Watering & Humidity

• Requires constant immersion in clean, dechlorinated water

• Benefits from stable, high-humidity conditions

Soil & Potting Mix

• Typically cultivated in shallow aquatic trays

• Not grown in traditional soil-based media

Temperature & Fertilizer

• Optimal growth between 20–30°C

• Moderate applications of balanced aquatic fertilizers support rapid vegetative propagation

Division

• Propagates primarily through vegetative reproduction by budding and fragmentation

• Division occurs naturally under favorable conditions

Stem Cuttings (if applicable)

• Not typically used due to the plant’s tiny, simple structure

• Propagation by cuttings is generally not applicable for this species

Seeds

• Seed production is infrequent

• Sexual reproduction occurs rarely due to the plant’s minute size

Typical Issues

• Fungal growth or algal blooms may develop in stagnant water

• These conditions can negatively impact plant health

Treatment Recommendations

• Maintain good water circulation and cleanliness

• Use aquatic-safe fungicides or algae control methods when needed

• Recognized as one of the smallest flowering plants on Earth

• Offers potential as a sustainable, high-protein food source

• Acts as a natural bioindicator for monitoring water quality

• Valued by enthusiasts for its unique morphology and rapid growth in aquatic setups

Wild Population Status

• Although not currently endangered, natural populations are sensitive to water pollution and habitat disturbance

Market Availability

• Available through specialized aquatic plant markets and research supply outlets

• Valued for both scientific study and ornamental use